Math Kangaroo USA
International Competition in Mathematics
for K-12 students

Login  |    Registration  |    Donate

Letter Substitutions

Letter Substitutions

Hints:

  • A + B = 16, which means there’s a carry into the tens place.

  • D + D results in a number with E in the ones place and a carry—written as 1E.

  • Also, you’re told that D is one more than E.

Put all that together to figure out the digits. Try out possible values that satisfy all three conditions.

Solutions:

Puzzle 1: A + BB = C6

  • We’re told A + B = 16, and that triggers a carry into the tens place, so:

    • The tens digit (C) must be one greater than B → C = B + 1

  • What two digits add up to 16 and differ by 2?

    • A = 9, B = 7 → A + B = 16, and C = 8 (since 7 + 1 = 8)

  • Let’s check:

    • 9 + 77 = 86 → Matches the form: C6 = 86

Answer: 9 + 77 = 86


Puzzle 2: D + ED = DE

  • Here, D + D gives a two-digit number ending in E, so:

    • D + D = 1E

    • D is one more than E

  • Try possible values for D + D = 1E:

    • 5 + 5 = 10 → E = 0 ❌

    • 6 + 6 = 12 → E = 2 ❌

    • 7 + 7 = 14 → E = 4 ❌

    • 8 + 8 = 16 → E = 6 ❌

    • 9 + 9 = 18 → E = 8 ✔

  • Now check:

    • D = 9, E = 8

    • 9 + 89 = 98 → Works perfectly

Answer: 9 + 89 = 98